The Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa are one of the most important archaeological sites in Alexandria. They are considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Middle Ages by some historians.

Overview:

Date back to the 2nd century AD (Roman period).

Originally built as a family tomb and later expanded.

Discovered by accident in 1900.

The name "Kom El Shoqafa" means “Mound of Shards,” referring to the broken pottery pieces found in the area.

What Makes It Unique:

A unique architectural blend of Ancient Egyptian, Greek, and Roman styles.

A spiral staircase leading down to multiple underground levels.

The main burial chamber decorated with statues and carvings reflecting cultural fusion.

A hall known as the “Hall of Caracalla.”

Kom El Dikka is an important archaeological site located in the heart of Alexandria, dating back to the Roman and Byzantine periods. It is considered one of the most significant archaeological discoveries in the city.

Overview:

Dates back to the 2nd century AD.

Excavated by a Polish archaeological mission in the 20th century.

Functioned as a residential and cultural area during the Roman era.

Main Highlights:

Roman Amphitheater – A small marble theater used for performances and public gatherings.

Remains of Roman baths.

Beautiful mosaic floors found inside ancient villas.

Lecture halls believed to have been part of an ancient academic complex.

The Bibliotheca Alexandrina is one of the most iconic cultural landmarks in Alexandria. It was inaugurated in 2002 as a modern revival of the ancient Library of Alexandria, one of the most famous libraries of the ancient world.

Overview:

Officially opened in 2002.

Built near the site of the ancient Library of Alexandria.

Designed in the shape of a rising sun.

Can hold millions of books.

What Makes It Special:

A massive main reading hall spanning multiple levels.

Several specialized libraries (for children, young adults, and the visually impaired).

Museums and permanent exhibitions.

Planetarium and conference center.

Hosts international cultural events, seminars, and exhibitions.

The Citadel of Qaitbay is one of the most famous landmarks in Alexandria. It is a 15th-century defensive fortress built on the exact site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria (Pharos), one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.

Overview:

Built in 1477 AD by Sultan Al-Ashraf Qaitbay.

Constructed to protect Alexandria from naval invasions.

Built using stones from the ruins of the ancient lighthouse.

Highlights:

Impressive Islamic military architecture.

Thick defensive walls and watchtowers.

Panoramic views of the Mediterranean Sea.

Interior halls showcasing historical military design.